DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY PARAMETERS OF TOMATO SEEDLINGS GROWN IN DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES
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Published:
Jun 15, 2024
Keywords:
Growing, Mortar, Quality, Seedling, Tomato.
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Abstract
This study was carried out to determinate the some quality of tomato (Falcon standart variety and Lice genotype) seedlings grown in different substrates during spring season of 2021 year. In the study, the seeds of tomato were sown in 350 cc capacity drained pet glasses filled with different mortar substrates in greenhouse of the Horticulture Department of the Faculty of Agriculture of Dicle University. As growing substrates of mortar used in the study; Soil (Control), Soil + Perlite (3/1 ratio), Soil + Water Retaining Polymer (3/1 ratio), Soil + Perlite (3/1 ratio), Soil + Vermiculite (3/1 ratio) and Peat + Perlite (3/1 ratio) were prepared as mortar materials. The parameters taken in all seedlings that have reached the thickness of a pencil and have removed their third-fourth true leaves were as follows; root length and diameter, plant height, stem weight, root weight, leaf weight, stem weight only, leaf area index, l*, a* and b* values, dry root, leaf and branch weights were measured. In the study, it was found that different mortar materials were effective on the parameters taken in tomato seedlings (p < 0.01). As a result of the measurements and observations, the best results were taken in Lice genotype respectively; peat + perlite > soil + polymer > soil + vermiculite > soil + perlite > soil. Seedlings of Falcon variety were obtained in the order of peat + perlite > soil + perlite; similar results were obtained in other mortar. The results obtained at the end of the study, it was determined that the use of peat perlite mixture mortar material or soil and water-holding polymers instead of only soil contributed to the development of seedlings.
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Bhardwaj A, Shainberg I, Goldstein D, Warrington DN, Levy GJ, (2007). Water retention and hydraulic conductivity of corss-linked polyacrylamides in sandy soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 71: 406-4012.
Butt, S.J. (2001). The effects of different growing media on the growth, yield and quality in cos lettuce and tomato grown in a cold glasshouse (Ph.D.Thesis). Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty Horticultural Major Sciences.Tekirdag/Turkey.
Çelebi M (2019). Effects of Different Growing Media on The Yield in Tomato, Cucumber and Pepper, andon Seedling in Tomato. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty. 16(2), 112-120.
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Demir, H. (2007, 10 April). Vegetable seedling problems and solutions in Turkey. Hasad Journal of Crop Production. Science, 263: 68-74.
Donnan, R. (1998). Hydroponics around the world. Practical Hydroponics and Greenhouses. RIRDC Australian Government Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. 18–25,
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Esposito F, Del Nobile A, Mensitieri G, Nicholais, L. (1996). Water sorption in cellulose-based hydrogels. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60: 2403-2407.
Han YG, Yang PL, Xu, L. (2005). Experimental studies on increase of yield and soil moisture of fruit tree by using superabsorbent polymers. Scientia Agricola 38: 2486-2491.
Gül, A. (1991). Investigations on the selection of aggregates suitable for greenhouse tomato cultivation with soilless culture method. (PhD thesis). Ege University Institute of Science, Department of Horticulture. Bornova-İzmir.
Güler, H. (2011). Comparison of growth and yield of curly head lettuce grown in rock wool, perlite, zeolite, grape juice and soil in a cold glass greenhouse. (Master's thesis), Namık Kemal University-Tekirdağ.
Karimi A, Noshadi M, Ahmadzadeh M, (2009). Effects of super absorbent polymer (Igeta) on crop, soil water and irrigation interval. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 12:415-420.
Kırbay, E., Özer, H. (2015). The Effects of Different Shading Applications on Yield and Quality of Organically Grown Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in the Greenhouses. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science (IJAWS), 1(1):7-14.
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Özkaynak, E., & Samancı, B. (2004). The Effects of Different Growing Mediums on Minituber Production of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Greenhouse and Climate Room Conditions. Journal of Akdeniz University Faculty of Agriculture, 17(2), 109-114.
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Maboko MM. (2006). Growth, yield and quality of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as affected by gel-polymer soil amendment and irrigation management. (M.Sc. Thesis), Faculty of Natiral and Agricultural Science, University of Pretoria.
Namal, E. R. (2019). Determination of changes in tomato seedling quality parameters with some physicochemical properties of different media used in seedling cultivation. (Msc Thesis), Akdeniz University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.
Nnadi, F., Brave, C. (2011). Environmentally friendly superabsorbent polymers for water conservation in agricultural lands. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 2(7): 206-211.
Johnson, MS., Piper, CC. (1997). Cros-linked, water-storing polymers as aids to drought tolerance of tomatoes in growing media. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 178: 23-27.
Pascual, J.A., Ceglie, F., Tuzel, Y., Koller, M., Koren, A., Hitchings, R., Tittarelli, F. (2018). Organic substrate for transplant production in organic nurseries. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 38:35. p.1-23.
Polat, S., Şahin, N., & Özdemir, H. (2017). Effects of different growth media on Crimson Sweet watermelon cv. seedling quality. Academic Journal of Agriculture, 6, 47-50.
Pill, WG., Jacono, CC. (1984). Effects of hydrogel incorporation in peat-lite on tomato growth and water relations. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 15: 799-810.
Raju, KM., Raju, MP., Mohan, YM. (2003). Synthesis of superabsorbent copolymers as water manageable materials. Polymer International 52: 768-772.
Raviv, M., Reuveni, R. and Zaidman, B.Z. (1998). Improved Medium for Organic Transplants. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 16 (1): 53-64.
Roe, N.E., Stofella, P.J. and Graetz, D. (1997). Composts from Various Municipal Solid Waste Feedstocks Affect Vegetable Crops. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122 (3): 427-432.
Sevgican, A. (2003). Sevgican, A. 2003. Greenhouse Vegetable Growing (Soilless Agriculture) Extended 2nd Edition. Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Publications No:526
Seymour, G. (1993). Review of Commercial Hydroponic Crop Production Systems In: Commercial Hydroponics in Australia, A Guide for Growers, Pro-Set Pty Ltd, Hobart.
Shooshtarian S, Kupai JA, Tehrani A. (2011). Evaluation of application of superabsorbent polymers in green space of arid and semi-arid regions with emphasis on Iran, International Journal of Forest, Soil and Erosion, 2 (1): 24-36.
Uzun, S., Özkaraman, F., Marangoz, D., (2000). The effect of different organic wastes used in growing bag culture on the growth, development and yield of some vegetable crops grown in unheated glasshouses during late autumn season. Journal of Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Agriculture, 16-21.
TAGEM. (2018). Seed growing. Sector Policy Paper. Ankara, 32s.
Taiz, L., Zeiger, E. (2008). Plant Physiology. Palme Publishing, Ankara.
Viero, PWM., Chiswell, KEA., Theron, JM. (2002). The effect of a soil amended hydrogel on the establishment of Eucalyptus grandis clone on a sandy clay loam soil in Zululand during winter. Southern African Forestry Journal 193: 65-75.
Yelboğa, K. (2014). Growing Power of Agriculture: Seedling Sector. Garden News, 3(2):13-16.
YILMAZ, G., & KINAY, A. (2016). Effects of Different Growing Media on Growing in Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) Seedlings. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 33(1), 111-115.
Yu, J. Shi, JG., Dang, PF., Mamedov, AI., Shainberg, I., Levy, GJ. (2012). Soil and polymer properties affecting water retention by superabsorbent polymers under drying conditions. Soil Science Society of America Journal 76(5): 1758-1767.
Altun, E. (2008). The Comporasıon of Growth and Yıeld of Chrısphead Lettuce Grown ın Grape Marc Mıxed Wıth Varıous Inorganıc and Organıc Materıals ın a Cold Glasshouse. (Master's thesis, Namık Kemal University-Tekirdağ/T ürkiye).
Agaba H, Lawrence JBO, Obua J, Kabasa JD, Worbes M. (2011). Hydrogel amendment to Sandy soil reduces irrigation frequency and improves the biomass of Acrostics stolonifera. Agric. Sci., 2 (4): 54-550.
Balkaya, A., Kandemir, D., Sarıbaş, Ş. (2015). Recent developments in the production of vegetable seedlings in Türkiye. Science, 4(13): 4-8.
Bhardwaj A, Shainberg I, Goldstein D, Warrington DN, Levy GJ, (2007). Water retention and hydraulic conductivity of corss-linked polyacrylamides in sandy soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 71: 406-4012.
Butt, S.J. (2001). The effects of different growing media on the growth, yield and quality in cos lettuce and tomato grown in a cold glasshouse (Ph.D.Thesis). Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty Horticultural Major Sciences.Tekirdag/Turkey.
Çelebi M (2019). Effects of Different Growing Media on The Yield in Tomato, Cucumber and Pepper, andon Seedling in Tomato. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty. 16(2), 112-120.
Demir, K., Günay, A., Abak, K. (1996, May 7). Characteristics to be Considered in the Selection of Media for Soil Blocks to be Used in Seedling Cultivation and Their Evaluation. GAP I. Vegetable Agriculture Symposium. Science, (pp. 24-29).
Demir, H. (2007, 10 April). Vegetable seedling problems and solutions in Turkey. Hasad Journal of Crop Production. Science, 263: 68-74.
Donnan, R. (1998). Hydroponics around the world. Practical Hydroponics and Greenhouses. RIRDC Australian Government Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. 18–25,
Ece, A. ve Ulukan, İ. (2011). Determınatıon of the Effect of Peat Materıals Orıgınated from Dıfferent Sıtes of Eastern Turkey on Yıeld and Seedlıng Qualıty and Yıeld of Tomatoes Horticulturae, 40 (1):1–7s.
Esposito F, Del Nobile A, Mensitieri G, Nicholais, L. (1996). Water sorption in cellulose-based hydrogels. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60: 2403-2407.
Han YG, Yang PL, Xu, L. (2005). Experimental studies on increase of yield and soil moisture of fruit tree by using superabsorbent polymers. Scientia Agricola 38: 2486-2491.
Gül, A. (1991). Investigations on the selection of aggregates suitable for greenhouse tomato cultivation with soilless culture method. (PhD thesis). Ege University Institute of Science, Department of Horticulture. Bornova-İzmir.
Güler, H. (2011). Comparison of growth and yield of curly head lettuce grown in rock wool, perlite, zeolite, grape juice and soil in a cold glass greenhouse. (Master's thesis), Namık Kemal University-Tekirdağ.
Karimi A, Noshadi M, Ahmadzadeh M, (2009). Effects of super absorbent polymer (Igeta) on crop, soil water and irrigation interval. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 12:415-420.
Kırbay, E., Özer, H. (2015). The Effects of Different Shading Applications on Yield and Quality of Organically Grown Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in the Greenhouses. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science (IJAWS), 1(1):7-14.
Lobo D, Torres D, Gabriels D, Rodriguez N, Rivero, D. (2006). Effect of organic waste compost and a water absorbent polymeric soil conditioner (hydrogel) on the water use efficiency in a Caspium annum (green paper) cultivation. Agroenviron 2006 Conference, 453-459, September 4-7, Ghent, Belgium.
Oktay, M., B. Okur, D. Esiyok ve E, Sevimli. (1995). The effect of different growing media on beli pepper (Capsicum annuum var. grossom cv. Kandil) production. Ege University Institute of Science, Department of Horticulture. 32 (1) 167-174.
Özkaynak, E., & Samancı, B. (2004). The Effects of Different Growing Mediums on Minituber Production of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Greenhouse and Climate Room Conditions. Journal of Akdeniz University Faculty of Agriculture, 17(2), 109-114.
Markovic, A., A. Takac, Z. Ilin, T. Ito (ed.), F. Tognoni. (ed.), T. Namiki (ed.), A. Nukaya (ed.) and T. Maruo (1995). Enriched zeolite as a substrate component in the production of pepper and tomato seedlings. Acta-Horticulturae, 396, 321-328.
Maboko MM. (2006). Growth, yield and quality of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as affected by gel-polymer soil amendment and irrigation management. (M.Sc. Thesis), Faculty of Natiral and Agricultural Science, University of Pretoria.
Namal, E. R. (2019). Determination of changes in tomato seedling quality parameters with some physicochemical properties of different media used in seedling cultivation. (Msc Thesis), Akdeniz University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.
Nnadi, F., Brave, C. (2011). Environmentally friendly superabsorbent polymers for water conservation in agricultural lands. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 2(7): 206-211.
Johnson, MS., Piper, CC. (1997). Cros-linked, water-storing polymers as aids to drought tolerance of tomatoes in growing media. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 178: 23-27.
Pascual, J.A., Ceglie, F., Tuzel, Y., Koller, M., Koren, A., Hitchings, R., Tittarelli, F. (2018). Organic substrate for transplant production in organic nurseries. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 38:35. p.1-23.
Polat, S., Şahin, N., & Özdemir, H. (2017). Effects of different growth media on Crimson Sweet watermelon cv. seedling quality. Academic Journal of Agriculture, 6, 47-50.
Pill, WG., Jacono, CC. (1984). Effects of hydrogel incorporation in peat-lite on tomato growth and water relations. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 15: 799-810.
Raju, KM., Raju, MP., Mohan, YM. (2003). Synthesis of superabsorbent copolymers as water manageable materials. Polymer International 52: 768-772.
Raviv, M., Reuveni, R. and Zaidman, B.Z. (1998). Improved Medium for Organic Transplants. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 16 (1): 53-64.
Roe, N.E., Stofella, P.J. and Graetz, D. (1997). Composts from Various Municipal Solid Waste Feedstocks Affect Vegetable Crops. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122 (3): 427-432.
Sevgican, A. (2003). Sevgican, A. 2003. Greenhouse Vegetable Growing (Soilless Agriculture) Extended 2nd Edition. Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Publications No:526
Seymour, G. (1993). Review of Commercial Hydroponic Crop Production Systems In: Commercial Hydroponics in Australia, A Guide for Growers, Pro-Set Pty Ltd, Hobart.
Shooshtarian S, Kupai JA, Tehrani A. (2011). Evaluation of application of superabsorbent polymers in green space of arid and semi-arid regions with emphasis on Iran, International Journal of Forest, Soil and Erosion, 2 (1): 24-36.
Uzun, S., Özkaraman, F., Marangoz, D., (2000). The effect of different organic wastes used in growing bag culture on the growth, development and yield of some vegetable crops grown in unheated glasshouses during late autumn season. Journal of Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Agriculture, 16-21.
TAGEM. (2018). Seed growing. Sector Policy Paper. Ankara, 32s.
Taiz, L., Zeiger, E. (2008). Plant Physiology. Palme Publishing, Ankara.
Viero, PWM., Chiswell, KEA., Theron, JM. (2002). The effect of a soil amended hydrogel on the establishment of Eucalyptus grandis clone on a sandy clay loam soil in Zululand during winter. Southern African Forestry Journal 193: 65-75.
Yelboğa, K. (2014). Growing Power of Agriculture: Seedling Sector. Garden News, 3(2):13-16.
YILMAZ, G., & KINAY, A. (2016). Effects of Different Growing Media on Growing in Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) Seedlings. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 33(1), 111-115.
Yu, J. Shi, JG., Dang, PF., Mamedov, AI., Shainberg, I., Levy, GJ. (2012). Soil and polymer properties affecting water retention by superabsorbent polymers under drying conditions. Soil Science Society of America Journal 76(5): 1758-1767.