RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION AS AN INDICATOR OF NATIONAL IDENTITY
(The case of religious minorities in Bessarabia)
Keywords:
Bessarabia, Russian Empire, Armenians, Lipovans, Protestants, Roman Catholics
Abstract
This paper addresses the correlation between ethnicity and confessional identity existing in different communities of Bessarabia in the 19th century. Historiography and data from archive documents show that a number of ethno-confessional communities can be found on the studied diachronic segment of the Prut-Nistru territory, where the ethnic and religious affiliation constituted one whole, while both components constituting to the same extent elements that used to determine the affiliation to one or other community. In this case, we refer to Armenian, Romano-Catholic, and Protestant communities or to a number of religious denominations.
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References
National Archive of the Republic of Moldova (NARM), Fund 2, inventor I.
NARM, Fund 2, inventory I, file 4108.
NARM, Fund 2, inventory I, file 3652.
NARM, Fund 2, inventory I, file 7640.
NARM, Fund 2, inventory I, file 7641.
NARM, f., 6, Op., I, d., 75, and Op., II, d., 865
NARM, Fund 7, inventory I.
NARM, Fund 205, inventory I, file 2006, f.1-2v.
NARM, Fund 208, inventory 3, file 99.
NARM, Fund 208, inventory 3, I, file 120, f.1-16
NARM, Fund 208, inventory 3, I, files 638, 639, and 640.
Bezveconi Gheorghe G., 1934. Armenii în Basarabia. In Din trecutul nostru, no.3-4, Chisinau. 1-68. (“Armenians in Basarabia”. Facts from Our Past)
Chirtoagă, Valentina. 2003. Învăţământul în colonia germană Arţiz în sec. XIX – începutul sec. XX. In Tyragetia, no. XII. Chisinau. 175-180 (“Education in the German Colony Artiz in the 19th Century”)
Gumenâi, Ion. 2016. Comunităţile romano-catolice, protestante şi lipoveneşti din Basarabia în secolul al XIX-lea, Chişinău: Lexon Prim. (“Roman-Catholic and Lipovan Communities in Basarabia in the 19th Century)
Popovschi, Nicolae. 1931. Istoria Bisericii din Basarabia în veacul al XIX-lea sub ruşi. Chişinău: Tipografia Eparhială „Cartea Românească”. (The History of Church in Basarabia in the 19th Century under Russians” Eparchial Publishing House “Cartea Romaneasca”)
Bendin, Alexandr. Вveroterpimost’ i problema nachional’noi politike Rossiiskoi Imperii (vtoraia polovina XIX – nachalo XX v.v..) 2010. https://zapadrus.su/zaprus/istbl/92-xix-xix.html (accessed October 102016) (Religious tolerance – a National Policy Issue of the Russian Empire (second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century)
Dizendorf, V. Status rossiiskih nemtsev – kolonstov i iazykovoi bar’er mezhdu nimi i ih sosediami. http://wolgadeutsche.net/diesendorf/Kolonialstatus.pdf (accessed October 11 2016). (Statute of Russian Germans – Colonists and the Language Barrier between Them and Their Neighbors)
1894. Izvlechenie iz otcheta missionerskogo Komiteta Kishinevskoi eparhii za 1839 g. In Kishinevskie Eparhial’nye Vedomosti, no 16, Chisinau. 249-258. (“Excerpt from the report of the Missionary Committee of Chisinau Eparchy of 1839”)
Parhomovich, Iosif. 1910. Kratkii istoricheskii ocherk protivo-raskol’nicheskoi missii v Kishineve s 1813 do 1910 goda. In Trudy Bessarabskogo tserkovnogo istoriko-arheologicheskogo obshchestva, vol.3, Chisinau. 5-125. („Short Historical Overview of Anti-Raskolniks Mission in Chisinau Between 1813 and 1910”)
1830-1884. Polnoe Sobranie Zakonov Rossiiskoi Imerii, , Sobranie 1, vol 1-55, Sankt – Peterburg: Pechatano v tipografii 2 otdelenia Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva Kantseliarii. (Full Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire, printed in the publishing house of Section 2 of His Imperial Majesty’s Chancellery, Collection 1, vol. 1-55, 1830-1884.)
Prigarin, A. 2004. Russkie staroobreadtsy i sectanty v Iuzhnoi Ucraine i Bessarabii: chislenost’ i rasselenie v 1860gg. In Arheologiia i étnologiia Shidnoi Evropi: materialy i doslidzhenea. Druzhinina E, ed. Odessa: n. e. 271-283. (“Russian Old-Rite Orthodox Religion and Sect Representatives in the South Ukraine and Basarabia: Number and Displacement in 1860.” Archeology and Etnology of Jewish Europe: Materials and Accomplishments, edited by Druzhinina E.)
Prigarin, A. 2010. Russkie staroobreadtsy na Dunae. Formirovanie étnokonfesional’noi obshchnosti v kontse XVIII – pervoe polovina XIX vv. Moscow: Arheodocsia, („Russian Old-Rite Orthodox Believers on the Danube. Establishment of Ethnic-Confesional Community at the end of the 18th – beginning of the 19th Century”)
Saganova, Nelia. 2005. Kishinevschii rimsko-katolichesschii prihod „Bojestvenogo provedenia” v pervoi polovine XIX veka. In Analecta catholica. no. 1. 121 – 159 („Roman-Catholic Parish „Divine Providence” in the First Half of the 19th Century”)
Sapozhnikova, T. 2000. Iz istorii sozdaniia i lickvidatsii Nikol’scolo staroobriadcheskogo monastyria v Pridunav’e. In Zapiski Istoricheskogo Fakuliteta, vol.10, Odessa. 237-243 (From the History of Creation and Liquidation of the Nikolsk Old-Rite Orthodox Monastery in Proximity to the Danube River”. Notes of the History Department.
1857. Svod Zakonov Rossiiskoi Imperii. vol. 11, Sankt – Peterburg: V tipografii vtorogo Otdelenia Sobstvenoi Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva Kantselearii. (Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire)
1958. Sobranie postanovlenii po chasti raskola. Sankt – Peterburg: Tipografia Ministerstva Vnutrenih Del. (Collection of Resolutions Related to Schism (Raskol). Publishing House of the MInistry of Interior,1858.)
1883. Sostoianie rascola i sectantstvo v Bessarabii. In Kishinevskie Eparhial’nye Vedomosti, no. 20. Chisinau. 684-691 (Status of Schism and Sectarianism in Basarabia” Chisinau Eparchial Journal)
1828.Statisticheskoe opisanie Bessarabii sobstveno tak nazyvaemoi ili Budjaka s prilozheniem general’nogo plana sego kraia, sostavlennoe pri grazhdanskoi s’emke Bessarabii, proizvodivshei po Vysochiaishemu poveleniu razmezhivaniiu zemel’ onoi s 1822 po 1828 god, Akkereman: Tipografia Granshteina. (Statistic description of Basarabia, in particular of the so-called Bujeak, attaching the new Master Plan of the region, developed during the civil census of Basaravia, carried out upon top authority’s order on land demarcation between 1822 and 1828, Granshteina Publishing House, 1828.
Fedorova, A. 2004 Osoblivosti polozhennia staroobriadtsiv pivdinoi Bessarabii pid vladoiu Rossiskoi Imperii (1812-1856). In Inteligentsia i vlada no. 3, http://bo0k.net/index.php?p=article&id=1878 ( accessed on September 18 2016).
NARM, Fund 2, inventory I, file 4108.
NARM, Fund 2, inventory I, file 3652.
NARM, Fund 2, inventory I, file 7640.
NARM, Fund 2, inventory I, file 7641.
NARM, f., 6, Op., I, d., 75, and Op., II, d., 865
NARM, Fund 7, inventory I.
NARM, Fund 205, inventory I, file 2006, f.1-2v.
NARM, Fund 208, inventory 3, file 99.
NARM, Fund 208, inventory 3, I, file 120, f.1-16
NARM, Fund 208, inventory 3, I, files 638, 639, and 640.
Bezveconi Gheorghe G., 1934. Armenii în Basarabia. In Din trecutul nostru, no.3-4, Chisinau. 1-68. (“Armenians in Basarabia”. Facts from Our Past)
Chirtoagă, Valentina. 2003. Învăţământul în colonia germană Arţiz în sec. XIX – începutul sec. XX. In Tyragetia, no. XII. Chisinau. 175-180 (“Education in the German Colony Artiz in the 19th Century”)
Gumenâi, Ion. 2016. Comunităţile romano-catolice, protestante şi lipoveneşti din Basarabia în secolul al XIX-lea, Chişinău: Lexon Prim. (“Roman-Catholic and Lipovan Communities in Basarabia in the 19th Century)
Popovschi, Nicolae. 1931. Istoria Bisericii din Basarabia în veacul al XIX-lea sub ruşi. Chişinău: Tipografia Eparhială „Cartea Românească”. (The History of Church in Basarabia in the 19th Century under Russians” Eparchial Publishing House “Cartea Romaneasca”)
Bendin, Alexandr. Вveroterpimost’ i problema nachional’noi politike Rossiiskoi Imperii (vtoraia polovina XIX – nachalo XX v.v..) 2010. https://zapadrus.su/zaprus/istbl/92-xix-xix.html (accessed October 102016) (Religious tolerance – a National Policy Issue of the Russian Empire (second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century)
Dizendorf, V. Status rossiiskih nemtsev – kolonstov i iazykovoi bar’er mezhdu nimi i ih sosediami. http://wolgadeutsche.net/diesendorf/Kolonialstatus.pdf (accessed October 11 2016). (Statute of Russian Germans – Colonists and the Language Barrier between Them and Their Neighbors)
1894. Izvlechenie iz otcheta missionerskogo Komiteta Kishinevskoi eparhii za 1839 g. In Kishinevskie Eparhial’nye Vedomosti, no 16, Chisinau. 249-258. (“Excerpt from the report of the Missionary Committee of Chisinau Eparchy of 1839”)
Parhomovich, Iosif. 1910. Kratkii istoricheskii ocherk protivo-raskol’nicheskoi missii v Kishineve s 1813 do 1910 goda. In Trudy Bessarabskogo tserkovnogo istoriko-arheologicheskogo obshchestva, vol.3, Chisinau. 5-125. („Short Historical Overview of Anti-Raskolniks Mission in Chisinau Between 1813 and 1910”)
1830-1884. Polnoe Sobranie Zakonov Rossiiskoi Imerii, , Sobranie 1, vol 1-55, Sankt – Peterburg: Pechatano v tipografii 2 otdelenia Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva Kantseliarii. (Full Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire, printed in the publishing house of Section 2 of His Imperial Majesty’s Chancellery, Collection 1, vol. 1-55, 1830-1884.)
Prigarin, A. 2004. Russkie staroobreadtsy i sectanty v Iuzhnoi Ucraine i Bessarabii: chislenost’ i rasselenie v 1860gg. In Arheologiia i étnologiia Shidnoi Evropi: materialy i doslidzhenea. Druzhinina E, ed. Odessa: n. e. 271-283. (“Russian Old-Rite Orthodox Religion and Sect Representatives in the South Ukraine and Basarabia: Number and Displacement in 1860.” Archeology and Etnology of Jewish Europe: Materials and Accomplishments, edited by Druzhinina E.)
Prigarin, A. 2010. Russkie staroobreadtsy na Dunae. Formirovanie étnokonfesional’noi obshchnosti v kontse XVIII – pervoe polovina XIX vv. Moscow: Arheodocsia, („Russian Old-Rite Orthodox Believers on the Danube. Establishment of Ethnic-Confesional Community at the end of the 18th – beginning of the 19th Century”)
Saganova, Nelia. 2005. Kishinevschii rimsko-katolichesschii prihod „Bojestvenogo provedenia” v pervoi polovine XIX veka. In Analecta catholica. no. 1. 121 – 159 („Roman-Catholic Parish „Divine Providence” in the First Half of the 19th Century”)
Sapozhnikova, T. 2000. Iz istorii sozdaniia i lickvidatsii Nikol’scolo staroobriadcheskogo monastyria v Pridunav’e. In Zapiski Istoricheskogo Fakuliteta, vol.10, Odessa. 237-243 (From the History of Creation and Liquidation of the Nikolsk Old-Rite Orthodox Monastery in Proximity to the Danube River”. Notes of the History Department.
1857. Svod Zakonov Rossiiskoi Imperii. vol. 11, Sankt – Peterburg: V tipografii vtorogo Otdelenia Sobstvenoi Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva Kantselearii. (Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire)
1958. Sobranie postanovlenii po chasti raskola. Sankt – Peterburg: Tipografia Ministerstva Vnutrenih Del. (Collection of Resolutions Related to Schism (Raskol). Publishing House of the MInistry of Interior,1858.)
1883. Sostoianie rascola i sectantstvo v Bessarabii. In Kishinevskie Eparhial’nye Vedomosti, no. 20. Chisinau. 684-691 (Status of Schism and Sectarianism in Basarabia” Chisinau Eparchial Journal)
1828.Statisticheskoe opisanie Bessarabii sobstveno tak nazyvaemoi ili Budjaka s prilozheniem general’nogo plana sego kraia, sostavlennoe pri grazhdanskoi s’emke Bessarabii, proizvodivshei po Vysochiaishemu poveleniu razmezhivaniiu zemel’ onoi s 1822 po 1828 god, Akkereman: Tipografia Granshteina. (Statistic description of Basarabia, in particular of the so-called Bujeak, attaching the new Master Plan of the region, developed during the civil census of Basaravia, carried out upon top authority’s order on land demarcation between 1822 and 1828, Granshteina Publishing House, 1828.
Fedorova, A. 2004 Osoblivosti polozhennia staroobriadtsiv pivdinoi Bessarabii pid vladoiu Rossiskoi Imperii (1812-1856). In Inteligentsia i vlada no. 3, http://bo0k.net/index.php?p=article&id=1878 ( accessed on September 18 2016).
Published
2019-10-17
How to Cite
Gumenâi, I. (2019). RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION AS AN INDICATOR OF NATIONAL IDENTITY. Philological Studies, 16(1), 1-20. Retrieved from https://journals.ukim.mk/index.php/philologicalstudies/article/view/277
Section
Philosophical-Cultural Problems
Philological studies © 2019. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported License
