SOME POSSIBILITIES OF VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION OF STRAWBERRY CULTIVARS IN VITRO

Abstract

This work presents the production technology of five strawberry cultivars by micropropagation. Starting materials were taken in May or June from the stolons that were in the air and meristems of 0.5mm were isolated in the laboratory. The isolated strawberry meristems were cultivated in a medium containing macro and micro elements and phytohormones in different concentrations. The highest percentage of initiated culture was recorded by the cultivar Senga Sengana (81.48%) and the lowest by the cultivar Marmolada (48.00%). Optimal hormone balance for initiating culture strawberries was 1.0 mg / l BAP (Benzylaminopurine), 0,1 mg / l IBA (indole-3 -butyric acid) and 0.1 mg / l GA₃ (gibberellic acid). After 50 days of cultivation in the culture, the formed shoots were transferred to medium for multiplication. The multiplication of isolated buds was achieved on the medium with phytohormones BAP and IBA. The highest multiplication index was recorded by the cultivar Senga Sengana (8.77) and the lowest by the cultivar Marmolada (5.42). When planlets reached a height of 10-12mm they were transferred to the rooting medium. The optimal concentration of phytohormones IBA for rooting of the strawberry cultivars was about 5 mg / l. Number of roots ranged from 5.09 for the cultivar Idea to 6.11 for the cultivar Senga Sengana. After two months the plants with developed roots were transplanted into peat briquettes. Adjustment by external conditions was conducted in greenhouses under a mist system. The reception was submitted well by the planted strawberries (90%). The results presented in this paper indicate that micropropagation can speed up the process of getting healthy and HIGH quality planting material of
strawberries. The procedure for obtaining strawberries by micropropagation can be accelerated by proper selection of the combination and concentrations of phytohormones.