ФИЛАРХ, ПОЛИБИЈ И РАЗВОЈОТ НА ХЕЛЕНИСТИЧКАТА ИСТОРИОГРАФИЈА ВО III ВЕК ПР. Н. Е.
Keywords:
hellenistic historiography, tragic history, Phylarkhos, Polybiоs
Abstract
The subject of this paper is the development of the historiography in the early Hellenistic period, with a brief recapitulation of the problem of the so-called tragic history and the influence of rhetoric and philosophy on the 3rd century historiographers. The first problem that can not be overestimated is the fragmentary condition of the works from this period, which prevents us from forming a complete and final assessment of the value of these works. As to the question of the existence of tragic history as a separate sub-genre of ancient historiography, here the theory that practically it never existed is defended. On the other hand, while not denying the fact rhetoric and stylistic considerations in general played a greater role, the author warns that this does not mean that these works should a priori be relegated as inferior, i.e. that the historiographers were not interested in the truthfulness of the episodes that they were depicting. In the second part, the attention is turned towards Polybios’ criticism of the work of Phylarkhos; the conclusion being that even though Polybios’ attacks had more to do with his political affiliation rather than his theoretical criteria, nor were they always completely accurate, his evaluation, i.e. condemnation of Phylarkhos seems to be acceptable. What is perhaps more important is that this polemical digression clearly illustrates the shortcomings of Polybios himself, whose work and interpretations are all too often accepted without further analysis.
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References
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Bury, John. B.1909. The Ancient Greek Historians, MacMillan & Co., London.
Connor,W. R.1985. „Historical writing in the fourth century B.C. and in the
Hellenistic Period“, in P. E. Easterling & B. M. W. Knox (edd.), The Cambridge
history of classical literature, vol.1 (Greek literature), Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, 1985:458-71.
Cornford, Francis. M.1907. Thucydides mythistoricus, Edward Arnold, London.
Dillery,John.1999. „The First Egyptian Narrative History: Manetho and Greek
Historiography“, ZPE 127: 93-116.
Drews, Robert.1963. „Ephorus and History Written κατὰ γένος“, AJPh 84.3: 244-
255.
1976. „Ephorus’ κατὰ γένος History Revisited“, Hermes 104.4: 497-8.
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Flower, Michael. A.1997. Theopompus of Chios: history and rhetoric in the fourth
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Fornara, Charles. W.1983. The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome,
University of California Press, Berkeley-Los Angeles-London.
Freeman, Edward. A.1893. History of federal government in Greece and Italy² (ed.
J. B. Bury), MacMillan & Co., London-New York.
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Gray, Vivienne.1987. „Mimesis in Greek Historical Theory“, AJPh 108.3:467-486.
Hadas, Moses.1959. Hellenistic culture. Fusion and Diffusion, Columbia University
Press New York.
Haegemans, Karen. & Kosmetatou, Elizabeth.2005. „Aratus and the Achaean
Background of Polybius“, in G. Schepens & J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of
Polybius, intertextuality as a research tool in Greek Historiography, Peeters
Publishers, Leuven-Paris-Dudley, 200:123-39.
Hornblower, Simon.1994. „Introduction: Summary of the Papers; The Story of
Greek Historiography; Intertextuality and the Greek Historians“, in S.
Hornblower (ed.), Greek Historiography, Oxford University Press, Oxford:1-72.
Inglis, David. & Robertson, Roland.2005. „The Ecumenical Analytic.
'Globalization', Reflexivity and the Revolution in Greek Historiography“,
European Journal of Social Theory, 8.2:99-122.
Isager, Signe.1998. „The Pride of Halikarnassos. Editio princeps of an inscription
from Salmakis“, ZPE 123:1-23.
Кар, Едвард. Х.2001. Што е историјата, Слово, Скопје.
Lateiner, Donald.1977. „Heralds and Corpses in Thucydides“, The Classical World
71.2:97-106.
Lenfant, Dominique.1999. „Peut-on se fier aux ‘fragments’ d’historiens? L’example
des citations d’Hérodote“, Ktema 24:103-21.
Lloyd, Geoffrey. E. R.1987. The Revolutions of Wisdom, University of California
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Lloyd-Jones, Hugh.1999. „The Pride of Halicarnassus (ZPE 124 [1999] 1-14):
Corrigenda and Addenda“, ZPE 127:63-65.
Macauly, Thomas. B.1973. „History and Literature“ in F. Stern (ed.), The Varieties
of History, Random House, New York:71-89.
Marincola, John.1997. Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
2001. Greek Historians, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
2007. „Universal History from Ephorus to Diodorus“, in J. Marincola
(ed.), Blackwell Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography, 2 vols., John
Wiley & Sons, Malden-Oxford-Victoria, 2007:171-9.
Momigliano, Arnaldo.1971. The Development of Greek Biography, Harvard
University Press, Cambridge.
1978. „Greek Historiography“, History & Theory 17.1:1-28.
1987. On Pagans, Jews, and Christians, Wesleyan University
Press, Chicago.
Niese, Benedikt.1899. Geschichte der griechischen und makedonischen staaten seit
der schlacht bei Chaeronea, t.2 (281-188), Friedrich Andreas Perthes, Gotha.
Oliver, Graham. J.2006. „History and Rhetoric“, in G. R. Bugh (ed.), The
Cambridge Companion to the Hellenistic World, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, 2006:113-135.
Pearson, Lionel.1943. „Lost Greek Historians Judged by Their Fragments“, G&R
12.35/6:43-56.
Pedech, Paul.1964. La méthode historique de Polybe, Société d'édition "Les Belles
Lettres," Paris.
Pownal, Frances.2004. Lessons from the Past. The Moral Use of History in FourthCentury Prose, University of Michigan Press, Michigan.
Press, Gerald. A.1982. The development of the idea of history in antiquity, McGillQueen's Press, Kingston-Montreal.
Pretzler, Maria.2004. „Turning Travel into Text. Pausanias at Work“, G&R (s.s.)
51.2:199-216.
Reino, Antonio. L. C.2005. „Los claroscuros del Éforo de Polybio“, in G. Schepens
& J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of Polybius, intertextuality as a research tool
in Greek Historiography, Peeters Publishers, Leuven-Paris-Dudley, 2005:19-54.
Rhodes, P. J.2010. „The Literary & Epigraphic Evidence to the Roman Conquest “
in J. Roisman & I. Worthington (edd.), Blackwell Companion to Ancient
Macedonia, John Wiley & Sons, Malden-Oxford-Chichester, 2010:23-40.
Shepen,. Guido.2005. „Polybius on Phylarchus’ “Tragic” Historiography“, in G.
Schepens & J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of Polybius, intertextuality as a
research tool in Greek Historiography, Peeters Publishers, Leuven-ParisDudley, 2005:141-64.
Shiple,. Graham.2000. The Greek World after Alexander 323-30 BC, Routledge,
London-New York.
Strasburger, Hermann.1975. Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die
griechische Geschichtsschreibung³, F. Steiner, Wiesbaden.
Tarn, William. W.1913. Antigonos Gonatas, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Tarn, W. W. & Griffith, G. T.1952. Hellenistic Civilisation³, Taylor & Francis,
London.
Ullman, B. L.1942. „History and Tragedy“, TAPA 73:25-53.
von Fritz, Kurt.1941. „The Historian Theopompos“, The American Historical
Review 46.4:765-787.
Walban,. Frank. W.1933. Aratos of Sicyon, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
1933.
1938. „ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΣ ΤΡΑΓΩΙΔΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ. A Polybian Experiment“, JHS
58.1:55-68.
1957. A Historical Commentary on Polybius, v.1 (books I-VI), Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
1960. „History and Tragedy“, Historia 9.2:216-234.
1962. „Polemic in Polybius“, JRS 52.1/2:1-12.
1967. A Historical Commentary on Polybius, v.2 (books VII-XVIII), Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
1972. Polybius, University of California Press, Berkeley-Los AngelesLondon.
1973. „Review Essay“, History & Theory 12.2:230-240.
1979. A Historical Commentary on Polybius, v.3 (books XIX-XL), Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
1981. The Hellenistic World, Fontana, Glasgow.
1984. „Sources for the period“ in F. W. Walbank, A. E. Astin, M. W.
Frederiksen & R. M. Ogilvie (edd.), The Cambridge Ancient History², vol. VII.1.
(The Hellenistic World), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984:1-22.
1990. „Profit or Amusement: some thoughts on the motives of Hellenistic
historians“, in H. Verdin, G. Schepens & E. De Keyser (edd.), Purposes of
History: Studies in Greek Historiography from 4th to the 2nd Centuries B.C.,
Orientaliste, Leuven:235-66.
2002. „Polybian studies, c.1975-2000“, in F. W. Walbank, Polybius, Rome
and the Hellenistic World, essays and reflections, Cambridge:1-27.
2005. „The two-way shadow: Polybius among the fragments“, in G. Schepens
& J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of Polybius, intertextuality as a research tool
in Greek Historiography, Peeters Publishers, Leuven-Paris-Dudley, 2005:1-18.
Woodman, A. J.1988. Rhetoric in classical historiography, Taylor & Francis,
London-New York.
Conquest (sources in translation)², Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Bearzot, Cinzia.2005. „Polybio e Teopompo: osservazioni di metodo e giudizio
morale“, in G. Schepens & J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of Polybius,
intertextuality as a research tool in Greek Historiography, Peeters Publishers,
Leuven-Paris-Dudley, 2005.
Bosworth, A. B.1996. „The historical setting of Megasthenes’ Indica“, CPh 91: 113-
27.
Bruce, I. A. F.1970. „Theopompus and Classical Greek Historiography“, History &
Theory 9.1:86-109.
Brunt, Peter. A.1980. „On Historical Fragments and Epitomes“, CQ (n.s.) 30.2: 477-
494. 1983. Studies in greek history and thought, Oxford University Press,
Oxford.
Bury, John. B.1909. The Ancient Greek Historians, MacMillan & Co., London.
Connor,W. R.1985. „Historical writing in the fourth century B.C. and in the
Hellenistic Period“, in P. E. Easterling & B. M. W. Knox (edd.), The Cambridge
history of classical literature, vol.1 (Greek literature), Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, 1985:458-71.
Cornford, Francis. M.1907. Thucydides mythistoricus, Edward Arnold, London.
Dillery,John.1999. „The First Egyptian Narrative History: Manetho and Greek
Historiography“, ZPE 127: 93-116.
Drews, Robert.1963. „Ephorus and History Written κατὰ γένος“, AJPh 84.3: 244-
255.
1976. „Ephorus’ κατὰ γένος History Revisited“, Hermes 104.4: 497-8.
Erskine, Andrew.2005. „Approaching the Hellenistic World“, in A. Erskine (ed.),
Blackwell Companion to the Hellenistic World, Wiley-Blackwell, MaldenOxford-Victoria, 2005:1-15.
Flower, Michael. A.1997. Theopompus of Chios: history and rhetoric in the fourth
century BC, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Fornara, Charles. W.1983. The Nature of History in Ancient Greece and Rome,
University of California Press, Berkeley-Los Angeles-London.
Freeman, Edward. A.1893. History of federal government in Greece and Italy² (ed.
J. B. Bury), MacMillan & Co., London-New York.
Gmirkin, Rusell. E.2006. Berossus and Genesis, Manetho and Exodus: Hellenistic
Histories and the Date of the Pentateuch, Continuum, New York-London.
Gray, Vivienne.1987. „Mimesis in Greek Historical Theory“, AJPh 108.3:467-486.
Hadas, Moses.1959. Hellenistic culture. Fusion and Diffusion, Columbia University
Press New York.
Haegemans, Karen. & Kosmetatou, Elizabeth.2005. „Aratus and the Achaean
Background of Polybius“, in G. Schepens & J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of
Polybius, intertextuality as a research tool in Greek Historiography, Peeters
Publishers, Leuven-Paris-Dudley, 200:123-39.
Hornblower, Simon.1994. „Introduction: Summary of the Papers; The Story of
Greek Historiography; Intertextuality and the Greek Historians“, in S.
Hornblower (ed.), Greek Historiography, Oxford University Press, Oxford:1-72.
Inglis, David. & Robertson, Roland.2005. „The Ecumenical Analytic.
'Globalization', Reflexivity and the Revolution in Greek Historiography“,
European Journal of Social Theory, 8.2:99-122.
Isager, Signe.1998. „The Pride of Halikarnassos. Editio princeps of an inscription
from Salmakis“, ZPE 123:1-23.
Кар, Едвард. Х.2001. Што е историјата, Слово, Скопје.
Lateiner, Donald.1977. „Heralds and Corpses in Thucydides“, The Classical World
71.2:97-106.
Lenfant, Dominique.1999. „Peut-on se fier aux ‘fragments’ d’historiens? L’example
des citations d’Hérodote“, Ktema 24:103-21.
Lloyd, Geoffrey. E. R.1987. The Revolutions of Wisdom, University of California
Press, Berkeley-Los Angeles-London.
Lloyd-Jones, Hugh.1999. „The Pride of Halicarnassus (ZPE 124 [1999] 1-14):
Corrigenda and Addenda“, ZPE 127:63-65.
Macauly, Thomas. B.1973. „History and Literature“ in F. Stern (ed.), The Varieties
of History, Random House, New York:71-89.
Marincola, John.1997. Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
2001. Greek Historians, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
2007. „Universal History from Ephorus to Diodorus“, in J. Marincola
(ed.), Blackwell Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography, 2 vols., John
Wiley & Sons, Malden-Oxford-Victoria, 2007:171-9.
Momigliano, Arnaldo.1971. The Development of Greek Biography, Harvard
University Press, Cambridge.
1978. „Greek Historiography“, History & Theory 17.1:1-28.
1987. On Pagans, Jews, and Christians, Wesleyan University
Press, Chicago.
Niese, Benedikt.1899. Geschichte der griechischen und makedonischen staaten seit
der schlacht bei Chaeronea, t.2 (281-188), Friedrich Andreas Perthes, Gotha.
Oliver, Graham. J.2006. „History and Rhetoric“, in G. R. Bugh (ed.), The
Cambridge Companion to the Hellenistic World, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, 2006:113-135.
Pearson, Lionel.1943. „Lost Greek Historians Judged by Their Fragments“, G&R
12.35/6:43-56.
Pedech, Paul.1964. La méthode historique de Polybe, Société d'édition "Les Belles
Lettres," Paris.
Pownal, Frances.2004. Lessons from the Past. The Moral Use of History in FourthCentury Prose, University of Michigan Press, Michigan.
Press, Gerald. A.1982. The development of the idea of history in antiquity, McGillQueen's Press, Kingston-Montreal.
Pretzler, Maria.2004. „Turning Travel into Text. Pausanias at Work“, G&R (s.s.)
51.2:199-216.
Reino, Antonio. L. C.2005. „Los claroscuros del Éforo de Polybio“, in G. Schepens
& J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of Polybius, intertextuality as a research tool
in Greek Historiography, Peeters Publishers, Leuven-Paris-Dudley, 2005:19-54.
Rhodes, P. J.2010. „The Literary & Epigraphic Evidence to the Roman Conquest “
in J. Roisman & I. Worthington (edd.), Blackwell Companion to Ancient
Macedonia, John Wiley & Sons, Malden-Oxford-Chichester, 2010:23-40.
Shepen,. Guido.2005. „Polybius on Phylarchus’ “Tragic” Historiography“, in G.
Schepens & J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of Polybius, intertextuality as a
research tool in Greek Historiography, Peeters Publishers, Leuven-ParisDudley, 2005:141-64.
Shiple,. Graham.2000. The Greek World after Alexander 323-30 BC, Routledge,
London-New York.
Strasburger, Hermann.1975. Die Wesensbestimmung der Geschichte durch die
griechische Geschichtsschreibung³, F. Steiner, Wiesbaden.
Tarn, William. W.1913. Antigonos Gonatas, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Tarn, W. W. & Griffith, G. T.1952. Hellenistic Civilisation³, Taylor & Francis,
London.
Ullman, B. L.1942. „History and Tragedy“, TAPA 73:25-53.
von Fritz, Kurt.1941. „The Historian Theopompos“, The American Historical
Review 46.4:765-787.
Walban,. Frank. W.1933. Aratos of Sicyon, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
1933.
1938. „ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΣ ΤΡΑΓΩΙΔΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ. A Polybian Experiment“, JHS
58.1:55-68.
1957. A Historical Commentary on Polybius, v.1 (books I-VI), Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
1960. „History and Tragedy“, Historia 9.2:216-234.
1962. „Polemic in Polybius“, JRS 52.1/2:1-12.
1967. A Historical Commentary on Polybius, v.2 (books VII-XVIII), Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
1972. Polybius, University of California Press, Berkeley-Los AngelesLondon.
1973. „Review Essay“, History & Theory 12.2:230-240.
1979. A Historical Commentary on Polybius, v.3 (books XIX-XL), Oxford
University Press, Oxford.
1981. The Hellenistic World, Fontana, Glasgow.
1984. „Sources for the period“ in F. W. Walbank, A. E. Astin, M. W.
Frederiksen & R. M. Ogilvie (edd.), The Cambridge Ancient History², vol. VII.1.
(The Hellenistic World), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984:1-22.
1990. „Profit or Amusement: some thoughts on the motives of Hellenistic
historians“, in H. Verdin, G. Schepens & E. De Keyser (edd.), Purposes of
History: Studies in Greek Historiography from 4th to the 2nd Centuries B.C.,
Orientaliste, Leuven:235-66.
2002. „Polybian studies, c.1975-2000“, in F. W. Walbank, Polybius, Rome
and the Hellenistic World, essays and reflections, Cambridge:1-27.
2005. „The two-way shadow: Polybius among the fragments“, in G. Schepens
& J. Bollansée (edd.), The shadow of Polybius, intertextuality as a research tool
in Greek Historiography, Peeters Publishers, Leuven-Paris-Dudley, 2005:1-18.
Woodman, A. J.1988. Rhetoric in classical historiography, Taylor & Francis,
London-New York.
Published
2019-10-25
How to Cite
Panovski, S. (2019). ФИЛАРХ, ПОЛИБИЈ И РАЗВОЈОТ НА ХЕЛЕНИСТИЧКАТА ИСТОРИОГРАФИЈА ВО III ВЕК ПР. Н. Е. Philological Studies, 11(1), 122-145. Retrieved from https://journals.ukim.mk/index.php/philologicalstudies/article/view/498
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History and Philology
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