ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE IN THE PREELECTION CAMPAIGNS IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND IN USA
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Published:
Dec 30, 2018
Keywords:
political discourse, linguistic manipulation, campaign speeches, personal pronouns
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Abstract
This article’s objective is to conduct a critical discourse analysis of political speeches in the Republic of Macedonia and the USA. This research gives an insight into the manipulative function of language and it shows how politicians achieve this manipulation. For this purpose, eight political speeches have been analyzed: four speeches given by Macedonian politicians (Gruevski, Zaev, Ivanov, and Pendarovski) and four given by American politicians (Obama, Romney, Bush, and Kerry). The analysis covers the pragmatic aspect, it examines how much attention the politicians pay toexpressing their own opinion and political stances and how they include the audience in their speech. The focus of the analysis is on the personal pronouns.
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How to Cite
Dimoska, Tamara. 2018. “ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE IN THE PREELECTION CAMPAIGNS IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND IN USA”. Journal of Contemporary Philology 1 (2), 93–121. https://doi.org/10.37834/JCP1820093d.
Section
Linguistics
Copyright © 2014 Blaže Koneski Faculty of Philology, Skopje
Journal of Contemporary Philology (JCP)
Современа филологија
References
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Benoit, W. L., McHale, J. P., Hansen, G. J., Pier, P. M. and McGuire, J. P. (2003). Campaign 2000, a functional analysis of presidential campaign discourse. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
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Karapetjana, I. (2011). Pronominal Choice in Political Interviews. Baltic Journal of English Language, Literature and Culture, 1: 36–45.
Lugovaya, N. (2011). Discourse analysis. The notion of speech event. Retrieved from: http://www.rostov-language.ru/help-36.html#2. The_notion_‘speech_ event’_.
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Van Dijk, T. A. (2001). Critical discourse analysis. Во D. Tannen, D. Schiffrin and H. Hamilton (eds.). Handbook of Discourse Analysis, 352–371. Oxford: Blackwell.
Wang, J. (2010). A critical discourse analysis of Barack Obama’s speeches. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 1: 254–61.
Wodak, R. (2006). Handbook of pragmatics. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Wodak, R., and Meyer, M. (eds.). (2001). Methods of critical discourse analysis. Surrey: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Presidential rhetoric. (2004, October 19). George Bush: Campaign Remarks in Florida. http://www.presidentialrhetoric.com/campaign/speeches/bush_ oct19.html.
Presidential rhetoric. (2004, October 22). John Kerry: Campaign Remarks in Milwaukee. http://www.presidentialrhetoric.com/campaign/ speeches/kerry_oct22.html.
Presidential rhetoric. (2012, October 19). Barack Obama: "Romnesia": Campaign Stop in Virginia. http://presidentialrhetoric.com/campaign2012/obama/10.19.12.html.
Presidential rhetoric. (2012, November 2). Mitt Romney: Campaign Remarks in Wisconsin. http://presidentialrhetoric.com/campaign2012 /romney/11.02.12.html.
YouTube. (2014, April 5). Митинг во Скопје.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJQBIsF5FXU.
YouTube. (2014, April 6). Zoran Zaev: Мiting Pela.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owcl9yBklNA.
YouTube. (2014, April 21). Стево Пендаровски – Митинг на СДСМ во Куманово. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QdmIO-pNts.
Димески, Ј. (2014). Прирачник за парламентарни избори во Република Македонија 2014 година. Скопје: Фондација Конрад Аденауер во Република Македонија.
Донев, Д. (2012). Анализа на реториката на убедување во политичкиот дискурс на македонски и на англиски јазик. Магистерски труд. Скопје: Универзитет ,,Св. Кирил и Методиј”.
Трајкова, З. (2012). Прагматичката улога на метадискурсните маркери при градењето и постигнувањето убедување во пишаниот и во говорниот текст во англискиот и во македонскиот јазик. Докторска дисертација. Скопје: Универзитет ,,Св. Кирил и Методиј”.
Aghagolzadeh, F., and Bahrami-Khorshid, S. (2009). Language as a puppet of politics: a study of McCain’s and Obama’s speech on Iraq War, a CDA approach. International Journal of Criminology and Sociological Theory, 2: 218–29.
Batluk, L. (2011). Rhythm and rhetoric: a linguistic analysis of Obama’s inaugural address. Bachelor’s thesis. Sweden: Halmstad University.
Bellová, H. (2010). The Evolution of means of persuasion: discourse analysis of sample inaugural speeches of US presidents 1833-1997. Bachelor’s thesis. Brno: Masaryk University.
Benoit, W. L., McHale, J. P., Hansen, G. J., Pier, P. M. and McGuire, J. P. (2003). Campaign 2000, a functional analysis of presidential campaign discourse. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Bramley, N. R. (2001). Pronouns of Politics: the use of pronouns in the construction of ‘Self’ and ‘Other’ in political interviews. Преземено од:
https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/46225/5/01front.pdf
Coe, K., Domke, D., Graham, E. S., Lockett John, S., and Pickard, V. (2004). No shades of gray: the binary discourse of George W. Bush and an echoing press. Journal of Communication, 54: 234–252.
Collet, T., Najem, T. (2005). Word Choices in Post-9/11 Speeches and the Identity Construction of the Other. Retrieved from: http://www.cpsa-acsp.ca/papers-2005/najem.pdf.
Chilton, P. A. and Schäffner, C. (eds.). (2002). Politics as Text and Talk, analytical approaches to political discourse. Norwich: John Benjamins.
Culpeper, J., Katamba, F., Kerswill, P., Wodak, R. and McEnery, T. (еds.). (2009). English Language, Description, Variation and Context. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Daghrir, W. (2013). Binary discourse in U.S. presidential speeches from FDR to Bush. Journal of Applied Physics, 5: 25–36.
De Fina, A. (1995). Pronominal choice, identity and solidarity in political discourse. Interdisciplinary journal for the study of discourse text, 15 (3): 379–410.
Dontcheva-Navratilova, O. (2008). Functions of Self-reference in diplomatic Addresses. Discourse and Interaction, 1 (1): 7–24.
Fernández Martínez, D. and Trujillo González, V. C. (2012). Obama and Bush: their victory and non-victory speeches. Onomázein, 1: 205–217.
Gee, J.P., and Handford, M. (eds.). (2012). The Routledge handbook of discourse analysis. Oxon: Routledge.
Håkansson, J. (2012). The Use of Personal Pronouns in Political Speeches: A comparative study of the pronominal choices of two American presidents. Bachelor’s thesis. Växjö: Linnæus University.
Hyland, K. (1998). Persuasion and context: The pragmatics of academic metadiscourse. Journal of Pragmatics, 30: 437–55.
Ismail, H. M. (2012). Discourse markers in political speeches: forms and functions. Journal Of College Of Education For Women. 23 (4): 1260–1278.
Karapetjana, I. (2011). Pronominal Choice in Political Interviews. Baltic Journal of English Language, Literature and Culture, 1: 36–45.
Lugovaya, N. (2011). Discourse analysis. The notion of speech event. Retrieved from: http://www.rostov-language.ru/help-36.html#2. The_notion_‘speech_ event’_.
Scheibman, J. (2004). Inclusive and exclusive patterning of the English first person plural: evidence from conversation. In M. Achard and S. Kemmer (eds.). Language, culture and mind, 378–396. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2001). Critical discourse analysis. Во D. Tannen, D. Schiffrin and H. Hamilton (eds.). Handbook of Discourse Analysis, 352–371. Oxford: Blackwell.
Wang, J. (2010). A critical discourse analysis of Barack Obama’s speeches. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 1: 254–61.
Wodak, R. (2006). Handbook of pragmatics. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Wodak, R., and Meyer, M. (eds.). (2001). Methods of critical discourse analysis. Surrey: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Presidential rhetoric. (2004, October 19). George Bush: Campaign Remarks in Florida. http://www.presidentialrhetoric.com/campaign/speeches/bush_ oct19.html.
Presidential rhetoric. (2004, October 22). John Kerry: Campaign Remarks in Milwaukee. http://www.presidentialrhetoric.com/campaign/ speeches/kerry_oct22.html.
Presidential rhetoric. (2012, October 19). Barack Obama: "Romnesia": Campaign Stop in Virginia. http://presidentialrhetoric.com/campaign2012/obama/10.19.12.html.
Presidential rhetoric. (2012, November 2). Mitt Romney: Campaign Remarks in Wisconsin. http://presidentialrhetoric.com/campaign2012 /romney/11.02.12.html.
YouTube. (2014, April 5). Митинг во Скопје.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJQBIsF5FXU.
YouTube. (2014, April 6). Zoran Zaev: Мiting Pela.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owcl9yBklNA.
YouTube. (2014, April 21). Стево Пендаровски – Митинг на СДСМ во Куманово. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QdmIO-pNts.