EVALUATION OF ETHOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTION TRAITS IN VARIOUS GENOTYPES OF MACEDONIAN HONEY BEE SUBSPECIES
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Abstract
The honey bee colonony is a complex society which has a wide range of behaviors. The most
important are swarming, colony defense and hygienic behavior. These ethological traits have an
impact on the honey yields and are of significant interests of the honey bee breeders. Therefore the
ethological characteristics are recognized in selection and breeding programs. According to the
breeding programs selection is directed to reduction of swarming and colony defense behavior and
increased expression of hygienic behavior. The aim of this research was to evaluate these
characteristics in 100 honey bee colonies from four genotypes (A, B, C and D) of the autochthonous
honey bee population (Apis mellifera macedonica) in one of the registered honey bee queen
breeding stations, located in Ohrid region, during 2016.The research included: scoring of the
defensive and the swarming behavior of honey bee colonies according to four point system, testing
hygienic behavior using Pin-test method and scoring according five point system as well as
determining honey yield by weighing of extracted honey in kg per honey bee colony and scoring the
honey yield according to the four point system. The results did not show statistically significant
differences concerning swarming behavior and honey yield between colonies from the four
genotypes. The results have shown statistical significant differences in the average cleaning success
(hygienic behavior) after 24 hours, between A and B (p=0.0096) genotypes, and in the defensive
behavior, between A and D (p=0.0166) and between C and D (p=0.0333) genotypes.
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