RIGHT TO EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY IN PLACES OF DETENTION
ДОИ:
https://doi.org/10.47054/hy2a9q28Клучни зборови:
human rights, education, resocialization, children deprived of libertyАпстракт
One of the key elements in the process of resocialization for children deprived of liberty is the education. Unfortunately, this vulnerable category of persons deprived of liberty has been on the margins of the society not only in Macedonia1, but worldwide. For the children deprived of liberty Manfred Novak once wrote “Deprivation of liberty means deprivation of rights, agency, visibility, opportunity and love. Depriving children of liberty is depriving them of their childhood” (Nowak, 2019)
This paper gives an overview of the international and national standards that deal with the right to education for children deprived of liberty, uncovering at the same time the situation with this category of persons deprived of liberty in Macedonia.
Референци
European Convention on Human Rights, Rome, 04 November 1950, https://www.echr.coe.int/documents/convention_eng.pdf
European Prison Rules, Council of Europe, 2006 https://rm.coe.int/european-prison-rules-978-92-871-5982-3/16806ab9ae
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, UN General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-economic-social-and-cultural-rights
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, UN General Assembly resolution 2200 A (XXI) https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-civil-and-political-rights
Киткањ, З. (2013), Престапничко однесување кај малолетни лица, Филозофски факултет, Скопје
Constitution of the Republic of Macedonia („Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia” No.52/91)
Law on Primary Education („Official Gazette of RS Macedonia” No. 161/19 and 229/20) https://mon.gov.mk/stored/document/Zakon%20za%20osnovnoto%20obrazovanie%20-%20nov_1.pdf
Law on Secondary Education („Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia“ No. 44/1995, 24/1996, 34/1996, 35/1997, 82/1999, 29/2002, 40/2003, 42/2003, 67/2004, 55/2005, 113/2005, 35/2006, 30/2007, 49/2007, 81/2008, 92/2008, 33/2010, 116/2010, 156/2010, 18/2011, 42/2011, 51/2011, 6/2012, 100/2012, 24/2013, 41/2014, 116/2014, 135/2014, 10/2015, 98/2015, 145/2015, 30/2016, 127/2016, 67/2017, 64/2018 and „Official Gazette of the Republic of North Macedonia“ No. 229/2020) https://mon.gov.mk/stored/document/Zakon%20za%20srednoto%20obrazovanie.pdf
Law on Execution of Sanctions („Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia“ No. 02/2006, 57/2010, 170/2013, 43/2014, 166/2014, 33/2015, 98/2015, 99/2019)
Милутоновиќ. М. (1976), Криминологија са основима криминалне политике и пенологије, Савремена администрација Издавачко-штампарско предузеќе Београд, 1976
Николиќ-Ристановиќ, В. (2019), „Од жртве до победника“, Виктимолошко друштво Србије, Београд
Nowak, M. (2019), United National Global Study on Children Deprived of Liberty, United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner
Ombudsman-National Preventive Mechanism, Annual Report 2022, Ombudsman of the Republic of North Macedonia, 2023, Skopje
Rabin, Y. (2014), The Many Faces of the Right to Education, Journal Article, ResearchGate
The United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules), United Nation Office on Drugs and Crimes (UNODC) chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.unodc.org/documents/justice-and-prison-reform/Nelson_Mandela_Rules-E-ebook.pdf5
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, UN General Assembly resolution 44/25 20 November 1989 https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-rights-child
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, UN General assembly resolution 217 А (III) 10.12.1948 https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty (Havana Rules), General Assembly resolution 45/113 of 14 December 1990
Waldon, J. (2010), Inhuman and degrading treatment: The Words Themselves, Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence, Vol XXIII (2), 269-286
Websites:
Office of High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) https://www.ohchr.org/en/ohchr_homepage
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) https://www.unesco.org/en
